Employee Mobility and Non-Competes

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Trade Secrets

Employee mobility and non-compete counsel covers departures, hiring, and restrictive covenants from both sides, drafting agreements that hold up and protecting your right to compete and recruit within the limits of varying state law.

Every employee departure is a question of balance: a company's interest in protecting confidential information and relationships against an individual's right to earn a living. We sit on both sides of that line, drafting and defending non-competes, advising on departures and competitive hiring, and managing the risk that comes with bringing on talent from a rival. State law here is anything but uniform, and that variation drives the strategy.

Drafting Non-Compete Agreements

We draft non-compete agreements scoped to be enforceable, narrow in duration, geography, and activity, because overreaching restrictions are exactly what courts strike down. On the other side, we defend employees and their new employers against covenants that go too far, and we account for the wide swing in state law, from states that enforce reasonable restrictions to those that ban non-competes outright, when assessing risk and building a position.

Non-Solicitation Provisions That Hold

Non-solicitation clauses often do the protective work a non-compete cannot. We structure provisions restricting solicitation of customers, employees, or both, calibrated to protect genuine relationships without locking anyone out of the market. Because these are frequently more enforceable than outright non-competes, they can be the better tool, and we draft and contest them with the same attention to the state-specific standards that decide whether they survive.

Garden Leave Arrangements

Garden leave keeps a departing employee on payroll through a notice period while removing them from sensitive work, buying the company time to secure relationships and information before that person joins a competitor. We advise on when garden leave is the right mechanism, how to structure the notice period and obligations, and how it interacts with restrictive covenants and, in some jurisdictions, the enforceability of those covenants.

Inevitable Disclosure Claims

Some states allow a company to argue that an employee will inevitably disclose trade secrets in a new role even without proof of actual misuse, while others reject the theory entirely. We pursue inevitable disclosure claims where the law and facts support stopping a high-risk move, and we defend employees against them when they are being used to enforce a non-compete the company never had, framing the argument around the real overlap in duties.

Frequently asked questions

It depends heavily on which state's law applies. Some states ban non-competes outright, while others enforce reasonable ones. Because the answer swings so much by jurisdiction, the choice-of-law question itself is often what gets fought over in court.

It has to be limited in time, geographic area, and the activities it restricts, and tied to a legitimate business interest like protecting trade secrets or customer relationships. A restriction that's broader than needed to protect that interest risks being narrowed or thrown out.

Generally no. California broadly prohibits non-competes, and it often applies that policy to California employees even when they signed an agreement that picks another state's law. If you employ people in California, plan around that rather than relying on a standard form.

Usually, yes. Courts are more comfortable enforcing a narrow restriction on soliciting specific customers or employees than a broad ban on competing at all, because the narrower restriction is more clearly tied to a legitimate interest.

It's a theory that lets an employer get an injunction when a departing employee would inevitably rely on the company's trade secrets in a new role, even without proof they've actually used them yet. Courts are split on it, and many states reject or sharply limit it.

Yes, hiring from a competitor is legal. But you can face liability if you induce someone to breach their contract or bring over the competitor's trade secrets. Run a clean onboarding process: confirm what restrictions the new hire is under and make clear they shouldn't bring confidential materials with them.

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